{"id":194,"date":"2023-10-26T16:30:42","date_gmt":"2023-10-26T08:30:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/?p=194"},"modified":"2023-10-27T09:34:10","modified_gmt":"2023-10-27T01:34:10","slug":"4-%e6%b7%b1%e5%85%a5%e6%b5%81%e7%a8%8b%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/2023\/10\/26\/4-%e6%b7%b1%e5%85%a5%e6%b5%81%e7%a8%8b%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6\/","title":{"rendered":"\u300aPython\u5165\u95e8\u6559\u7a0b\u300b4. \u6df1\u5165\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
    \n
  1. \u5f00\u80c3\u83dc<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. \u4f7f\u7528 Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. \u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u4ecb\u7ecdPython<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. \u6df1\u5165\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. \u6a21\u5757<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  7. \u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  8. \u9519\u8bef\u548c\u5f02\u5e38<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  9. \u7c7b<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  10. \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u7b80\u660e\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  11. \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u7b80\u660e\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff08\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff09<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  12. \u73b0\u5728\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  13. \u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u8f93\u5165\u7f16\u8f91\u53ca\u5386\u53f2\u66ff\u4ee3<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  14. \u6d6e\u70b9\u7b97\u672f: \u95ee\u9898\u548c\u9650\u5236<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \u9664\u4e86\u521a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684 while<\/code><\/a> \u8bed\u53e5\u5916, Python \u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u6709\u5176\u5b83\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u901a\u89c1\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u8bed\u53e5, \u5f53\u7136\u6709\u70b9\u5c0f\u6539\u52a8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    4.1. if<\/code><\/a> \u8bed\u53e5<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u4e5f\u8bb8\u6700\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u7c7b\u578b\u5c31\u662f if<\/code><\/a> \u8bed\u53e5\u4e86. \u4f8b\u5982:>>> <\/strong>x = int(input(“Please enter an integer: “)) Please enter an integer: 42 >>> <\/strong>if<\/strong> x < 0: …<\/strong> x = 0 …<\/strong> print(‘Negative changed to zero’) … <\/strong>elif<\/strong> x == 0: …<\/strong> print(‘Zero’) … <\/strong>elif<\/strong> x == 1: …<\/strong> print(‘Single’) … <\/strong>else<\/strong>: …<\/strong> print(‘More’) …<\/strong> More<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u96f6\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a elif<\/code><\/a> \u5206\u652f, \u800c else<\/code><\/a> \u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684. \u5173\u952e\u5b57 \u2018elif<\/code><\/a>\u2018 \u662f \u2018else if\u2019 \u7684\u7f29\u5199, \u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u5ea6\u7f29\u8fdb. if<\/code><\/a> … elif<\/code><\/a> … elif<\/code><\/a> … \u5e8f\u5217\u662f\u5176\u5b83\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d switch<\/code> \u6216 case<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    4.2. for<\/code><\/a> \u8bed\u53e5<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Python \u4e2d\u7684 for<\/code><\/a> \u8bed\u53e5\u4e0e\u4f60\u5728 C \u6216\u662f Pascal \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7565\u6709\u4e0d\u540c. \u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u5728 Pascal \u4e2d\u603b\u662f\u4f9d\u636e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b49\u5dee\u7684\u6570\u503c\u5e8f\u5217\u8fed\u4ee3, \u4e5f\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u5728 C \u4e2d\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u540c\u65f6\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fed\u4ee3\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6, Python \u4e2d\u7684 for<\/code><\/a> \u8bed\u53e5\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u5e8f\u5217 (\u5217\u8868\u6216\u8005\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32) \u4e2d\u8fed\u4ee3\u65f6, \u603b\u662f\u6309\u7167\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u987a\u5e8f\u4f9d\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    for example (\u8fd9\u884c\u4e0d\u5faa\u73af;-):>>> <\/strong># \u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32:<\/em>… <\/strong>a = [‘cat’, ‘window’, ‘defenestrate’] >>> <\/strong>for<\/strong> x in<\/strong> a: …<\/strong> print(x, len(x)) …<\/strong> cat 3 window 6 defenestrate 12<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u5728\u5faa\u73af\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4fee\u6539\u88ab\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684 (\u8fd9\u53ea\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u53ef\u53d8\u5e8f\u5217\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0a,\u5982\u5217\u8868).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u82e5\u60f3\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4f53\u5185\u4fee\u6539\u4f60\u6b63\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u5e8f\u5217 (\u4f8b\u5982\u590d\u5236\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u9879), \u6700\u597d\u662f\u5148\u5236\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u526f\u672c. \u4f46\u662f,\u5728\u5e8f\u5217\u4e0a\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u9690\u5f0f\u5730\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u526f\u672c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u800c\u5207\u7247\u5219\u8ba9\u8fd9\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u5341\u5206\u65b9\u4fbf:>>> <\/strong>for<\/strong> x in<\/strong> a[:]: # \u5236\u9020\u6574\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5207\u7247\u590d\u672c<\/em>… <\/strong>if<\/strong> len(x) > 6: a.insert(0, x) …<\/strong>>>> <\/strong>a [‘defenestrate’, ‘cat’, ‘window’, ‘defenestrate’]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    4.3. range()<\/code><\/a> \u51fd\u5f0f<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u5e8f\u5217, \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5efa\u51fd\u5f0f range()<\/code><\/a> \u4f1a\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf. \u5b83\u4ea7\u751f\u7b49\u5dee\u7ea7\u6570\u5e8f\u5217:>>> <\/strong>for<\/strong> i in<\/strong> range(5): …<\/strong> print(i) …<\/strong> 0 1 2 3 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\u70b9\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u91cc; range(10)<\/code> \u751f\u6210 10 \u4e2a\u503c, \u7ec4\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a10\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u5e8f\u5217. \u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9 range<\/code> \u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u521d\u503c\u5b9a\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570, \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u589e\u91cf (\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8d1f; \u6709\u65f6\u8fd9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a \u2018\u6b65\u957f\u2019):range(5, 10) 5 through 9 range(0, 10, 3) 0, 3, 6, 9 range(-10, -100, -30) -10, -40, -70<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u8981\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u8fdb\u884c\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u8bdd, \u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528 range()<\/code><\/a> \u548c len()<\/code><\/a>:>>> <\/strong>a = [‘Mary’, ‘had’, ‘a’, ‘little’, ‘lamb’] >>> <\/strong>for<\/strong> i in<\/strong> range(len(a)): …<\/strong> print(i, a[i]) …<\/strong> 0 Mary 1 had 2 a 3 little 4 lamb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d, \u7528 enumerate()<\/code><\/a> \u51fd\u5f0f\u66f4\u52a0\u65b9\u4fbf, \u53c2\u89c1 \u904d\u5386\u6280\u5de7<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u5f53\u4f60\u60f3\u6253\u5370 range \u65f6, \u4f1a\u5947\u602a:>>> <\/strong>print(range(10)) range(0, 10)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u5728\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019, \u7531 range()<\/code><\/a> \u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868, \u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f. \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u8fed\u4ee3\u65f6, \u5b83\u80fd\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u9879, \u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e3a\u4e86\u8282\u7701\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u5730\u751f\u6210\u5236\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u8c61\u53eb\u505a iterable<\/em> , \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4, \u67d0\u4e9b\u51fd\u5f0f\u548c\u6784\u9020\u5668\u671f\u671b\u80fd\u4ece\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fde\u7eed\u63a5\u6536\u5143\u7d20\u76f4\u81f3\u7ec8\u7ed3, \u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u8c61\u53eb\u505a iterable<\/em> (\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u770b\u5230 for<\/code><\/a> \u8bed\u53e5\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668 ( iterator<\/em> ). list()<\/code><\/a> \u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a; \u5b83\u4ece\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u5217\u8868:>>> <\/strong>list(range(5)) [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u540e\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u8fd4\u56de \u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61<\/code> \u548c\u5c06 \u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61<\/code> \u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u51fd\u5f0f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    4.4. break<\/code><\/a> \u548c continue<\/code><\/a> \u8bed\u53e5, \u4ee5\u53ca\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684 else<\/code><\/a> \u5b50\u53e5<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    break<\/code><\/a> \u8bed\u53e5, \u50cf C \u91cc\u7684\u4e00\u6837, \u8df3\u51fa\u6700\u5c0f\u7684 for<\/code><\/a> \u6216 while<\/code><\/a> \u5faa\u73af. \u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a else<\/code> \u5b50\u53e5; \u5f53\u5faa\u73af\u56e0\u8017\u5c3d\u6574\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u800c\u7ec8\u6b62\u65f6 (\u4f7f\u7528 for<\/code><\/a>) \u6216\u8005\u5f53\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u4e3a\u5047\u65f6 (\u4f7f\u7528 while<\/code><\/a>), \u5b83\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c, \u4f46\u662f, \u5982\u679c\u5faa\u73af\u56e0\u4e3a break<\/code><\/a> \u8bed\u53e5\u7ec8\u6b62\u7684\u8bdd, \u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c. \u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u8d28\u6570\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5c06\u8bc1\u660e\u8fd9\u70b9:>>> <\/strong>for<\/strong> n in<\/strong> range(2, 10): … <\/strong>for<\/strong> x in<\/strong> range(2, n): … <\/strong>if<\/strong> n % x == 0: …<\/strong> print(n, ‘equals’, x, ‘*’, n\/\/x) … <\/strong>break<\/strong>… <\/strong>else<\/strong>: … <\/strong># \u5faa\u73af\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u6570\u800c\u505c\u6b62<\/em>…<\/strong> print(n, ‘is a prime number’) …<\/strong> 2 is a prime number 3 is a prime number 4 equals 2 * 2 5 is a prime number 6 equals 2 * 3 7 is a prime number 8 equals 2 * 4 9 equals 3 * 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    (\u662f\u7684, \u8fd9\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801. \u4ed4\u7ec6\u770b: else \u5b50\u53e5\u5c5e\u4e8e for \u5faa\u73af, \u800c\u975e\u662f if \u8bed\u53e5)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u4e0e\u5faa\u73af\u642d\u914d\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6, else \u5b50\u53e5\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u5b83\u4e0e try \u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u642d\u914d\u65f6\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0e if \u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u642d\u914d\u65f6\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u5171\u6027: try \u8bed\u53e5\u7684 else \u5b50\u53e5\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u88ab\u6267\u884c, \u5faa\u73af\u7684 else \u5b50\u53e5\u5728\u6ca1\u6709 break \u8bed\u53e5\u662f\u88ab\u6267\u884c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u67e5\u9605 \u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/a> \u4e00\u8282\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e try \u8bed\u53e5\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u4fe1\u606f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    continue \u8bed\u53e5\u540c\u6837\u662f\u4ece C \u8bed\u8a00\u501f\u7528\u7684, \u5b83\u7ec8\u6b62\u5f53\u524d\u8fed\u4ee3\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3.>>> <\/strong>for<\/strong> num in<\/strong> range(2, 10): … <\/strong>if<\/strong> num % 2 == 0: …<\/strong> print(“Found an even number”, num) … <\/strong>continue<\/strong>…<\/strong> print(“Found a number”, num) Found an even number 2 Found a number 3 Found an even number 4 Found a number 5 Found an even number 6 Found a number 7 Found an even number 8 Found a number 9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    4.5. pass<\/code><\/a> \u8bed\u53e5<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    pass<\/code><\/a> \u8bed\u53e5\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u4e0d\u505a. \u5f53\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0a\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bed\u53e5, \u4f46\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u8981\u52a8\u4f5c\u65f6, \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83. \u4f8b\u5982:>>> <\/strong>while<\/strong>True<\/strong>: … <\/strong>pass<\/strong># \u5fd9\u7b49\u5f85\u952e\u76d8\u4e2d\u65ad (Ctrl+C)<\/em>…<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u4e00\u822c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u6700\u5c0f\u7c7b:>>> <\/strong>class<\/strong>MyEmptyClass<\/strong>: … <\/strong>pass<\/strong>…<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528 pass<\/code><\/a> \u7684\u5730\u65b9\u662f, \u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fd\u5f0f\u6216\u6761\u4ef6\u4f53\u7684\u5360\u4f4d\u7b26, \u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u65b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6, \u5b83\u8ba9\u4f60\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u66f4\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u7ea7\u522b\u601d\u8003. pass<\/code><\/a> \u4f1a\u88ab\u9ed8\u9ed8\u5730\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565:>>> <\/strong>def<\/strong> initlog(*args): … <\/strong>pass<\/strong># \u8bb0\u5f97\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u91cc!<\/em>…<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    4.6. \u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u5f0f<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u51fd\u5f0f\u6765\u8f93\u51fa\u4efb\u610f\u6307\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684 \u83f2\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951(Fibonacci) \u6570\u5217:>>> <\/strong>def<\/strong> fib(n): # \u6253\u5370 Fibonacci \u5e8f\u5217\u5230 n<\/em>… <\/strong>“””\u6253\u5370\u5230 n \u7684 Fibonacci \u5e8f\u5217.”””<\/em>…<\/strong> a, b = 0, 1 … <\/strong>while<\/strong> a < n: …<\/strong> print(a, end=’ ‘) …<\/strong> a, b = b, a+b …<\/strong> print() …<\/strong>>>> <\/strong># \u73b0\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u6211\u4eec\u521a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u51fd\u5f0f:<\/em>… <\/strong>fib(2000) 0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377 610 987 1597<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u5173\u952e\u5b57 def<\/code><\/a> \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u5f0f \u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong>. \u540e\u9762\u5fc5\u987b\u8ddf\u4e0a\u51fd\u5f0f\u540d\u548c\u5728\u5706\u62ec\u53f7\u91cc\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5e8f\u5217. \u51fd\u5f0f\u4f53\u4ece\u4e00\u884c\u5f00\u59cb, \u5e76\u4e14\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u7f29\u8fdb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u51fd\u5f0f\u4f53\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5b57\u4e32; \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u4e32\u5c31\u662f\u51fd\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u6863\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32, \u6216\u79f0\u4e3a docstring<\/em>. (\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \u6587\u6863\u5b57\u4e32<\/a> \u4e00\u8282\u627e\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f) \u6709\u5f88\u591a\u80fd\u5c06\u6587\u6863\u5b57\u4e32\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5728\u7ebf\u6216\u53ef\u6253\u5370\u6587\u6863\u7684\u5de5\u5177, \u6216\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4ea4\u4e92\u5730\u6d4f\u89c8\u5b83\u7684\u5de5\u5177; \u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc\u52a0\u4e0a\u6587\u6863\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5, \u56e0\u6b64, \u8bf7\u517b\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e60\u60ef.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u6267\u884c<\/strong> \u51fd\u5f0f,\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u8868(symbol table)\u7528\u4e8e\u8be5\u51fd\u5f0f\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf. \u66f4\u7cbe\u786e\u5730\u8bf4, \u6240\u6709\u5728\u51fd\u5f0f\u4e2d\u88ab\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u503c\u90fd\u5c06\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5c40\u90e8\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u4e2d; \u9274\u4e8e\u53d8\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\u4f1a\u9996\u5148\u5728\u5c40\u90e8\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u91cc\u5bfb\u627e, \u7136\u540e\u624d\u662f\u95ed\u5305\u51fd\u5f0f\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u7b26\u53f7\u8868, \u518d\u7136\u540e\u662f\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf, \u6700\u540e\u662f\u5185\u5efa\u540d\u5b57\u8868. \u56e0\u6b64, \u5728\u51fd\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528,\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c (\u9664\u975e\u7528 global<\/code><\/a> \u8bed\u53e5\u8fdb\u884c\u58f0\u660e).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u51fd\u5f0f\u7684\u5b9e\u53c2\u5728\u5b83\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u88ab\u5f15\u5165\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u5f0f\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u8868; \u56e0\u6b64, \u53c2\u6570\u662f \u6309\u503c<\/strong> \u4f20\u9012\u7684 (\u503c<\/strong> \u603b\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a \u5f15\u7528<\/strong> , \u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u503c). [1]<\/a> \u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6, \u5bf9\u5e94\u8fd9\u6b21\u8c03\u7528,\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u521b\u5efa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u51fd\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f1a\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u91cc\u5f15\u5165\u8be5\u51fd\u5f0f\u7684\u540d\u5b57. \u51fd\u5f0f\u540d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u88ab\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u8ba4\u5b9a\u4e3a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u5f0f\u7c7b\u578b \u51fd\u5f0f\u540d\u7684\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57, \u4f7f\u5176\u4e5f\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fd\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528. \u8fd9\u662f\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u673a\u5236:>>> <\/strong>fib <function fib at 10042ed0> >>> <\/strong>f = fib >>> <\/strong>f(100) 0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u6839\u636e\u5176\u5b83\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c, \u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6307\u51fa fib<\/code> \u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u5f0f, \u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f, \u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u8fd4\u56de\u503c. \u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a, \u5373\u4f7f\u6ca1\u6709 return<\/code><\/a> \u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u51fd\u5f0f\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c, \u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u76f8\u5f53\u65e0\u804a. \u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u540d\u4e3a None<\/code> (\u5b83\u662f\u4e2a\u5185\u5efa\u540d\u5b57). \u5982\u679c\u8981\u552f\u4e00\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u503c\u662f None<\/code>, \u90a3\u4e48\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4f1a\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\u6291\u5236\u8fd9\u6b21\u8fd4\u56de. \u5982\u4f60\u5b9e\u5728\u60f3\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c,\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 print()<\/code><\/a>:>>> <\/strong>fib(0) >>> <\/strong>print(fib(0)) None<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u5199\u4e2a\u8fd4\u56de Fibonacci \u5e8f\u5217\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6253\u5370\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u51fd\u5f0f, \u5f88\u7b80\u5355:>>> <\/strong>def<\/strong> fib2(n): # \u653e\u56de\u76f4\u5230 n \u7684 Fibonacci \u5e8f\u5217<\/em>… <\/strong>“””\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868, \u5305\u542b\u76f4\u5230 n \u7684 Fibonacci \u5e8f\u5217.”””<\/em>…<\/strong> result = [] …<\/strong> a, b = 0, 1 … <\/strong>while<\/strong> a < n: …<\/strong> result.append(a) # \u89c1\u4e0b\u6587<\/em>…<\/strong> a, b = b, a+b … <\/strong>return<\/strong> result …<\/strong>>>> <\/strong>f100 = fib2(100) # \u8c03\u7528<\/em>>>> <\/strong>f100 # \u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c<\/em> [0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u50cf\u5f80\u5e38\u4e00\u6837, \u8fd9\u91cc\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b Python \u7279\u6027:<\/p>\n\n\n\n