{"id":283,"date":"2023-10-27T10:02:09","date_gmt":"2023-10-27T02:02:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/?p=283"},"modified":"2023-10-27T15:20:36","modified_gmt":"2023-10-27T07:20:36","slug":"%e3%80%8apython%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%e3%80%8b2-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-python-%e8%a7%a3%e9%87%8a%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/2023\/10\/27\/%e3%80%8apython%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%e3%80%8b2-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-python-%e8%a7%a3%e9%87%8a%e5%99%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"\u300aPython\u5165\u95e8\u6559\u7a0b\u300b2. \u4f7f\u7528 Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5f00\u80c3\u83dc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/2023\/10\/26\/2-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-python-%e8%a7%a3%e9%87%8a%e5%99%a8\/\">\u4f7f\u7528 Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/2023\/10\/26\/3-%e9%9d%9e%e6%ad%a3%e5%bc%8f%e4%bb%8b%e7%bb%8dpython\/\">\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u4ecb\u7ecdPython<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/2023\/10\/26\/4-%e6%b7%b1%e5%85%a5%e6%b5%81%e7%a8%8b%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6\/\">\u6df1\u5165\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/2023\/10\/26\/5-%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e7%bb%93%e6%9e%84\/\">\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/2023\/10\/26\/6-%e6%a8%a1%e5%9d%97\/\">\u6a21\u5757<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/2023\/10\/26\/7-%e8%be%93%e5%85%a5%e5%92%8c%e8%be%93%e5%87%ba\/\">\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/2023\/10\/26\/8-%e9%94%99%e8%af%af%e5%92%8c%e5%bc%82%e5%b8%b8\/\">\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u5f02\u5e38<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/2023\/10\/26\/9-%e7%b1%bb\/\">\u7c7b<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/2023\/10\/26\/10-%e6%a0%87%e5%87%86%e5%ba%93%e7%9a%84%e7%ae%80%e6%98%8e%e4%bb%8b%e7%bb%8d\/\">\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u7b80\u660e\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/2023\/10\/26\/11-%e6%a0%87%e5%87%86%e5%ba%93%e7%9a%84%e7%ae%80%e6%98%8e%e4%bb%8b%e7%bb%8d%ef%bc%88%e7%ac%ac%e4%ba%8c%e9%83%a8%e5%88%86%ef%bc%89\/\">\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u7b80\u660e\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff08\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff09<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/2023\/10\/26\/12-%e7%8e%b0%e5%9c%a8%e5%b9%b2%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88\/\">\u73b0\u5728\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/2023\/10\/26\/13-%e4%ba%a4%e4%ba%92%e5%bc%8f%e8%be%93%e5%85%a5%e7%bc%96%e8%be%91%e5%8f%8a%e5%8e%86%e5%8f%b2%e6%9b%bf%e4%bb%a3\/\">\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u8f93\u5165\u7f16\u8f91\u53ca\u5386\u53f2\u66ff\u4ee3<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/2023\/10\/26\/14-%e6%b5%ae%e7%82%b9%e7%ae%97%e6%9c%af-%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98%e5%92%8c%e9%99%90%e5%88%b6\/\">\u6d6e\u70b9\u7b97\u672f: \u95ee\u9898\u548c\u9650\u5236<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u7684pdf \u7248\u672c\u4e0b\u8f7d: Python_Tutorial_zh-cn_liam0205.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1. \u8c03\u7528 Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/tutorial\/interpreter.html#tut-invoking\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u901a\u5e38\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u673a\u5668\u7684\u00a0<code>\/usr\/local\/bin\/<\/code>\u00a0\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b. \u5c06\u00a0<code>\/usr\/local\/bin<\/code>\u00a0\u76ee\u5f55\u653e\u8fdb\u4f60\u7684 Unix Shell \u7684\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u5f84\u91cc, \u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8f93\u5165:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\">            python3.2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u542f\u52a8.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/tutorial\/interpreter.html#id19\">[1]<\/a>&nbsp;\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684, \u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u4f4d\u7f6e, \u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u54a8\u8be2\u5f53\u5730 Python \u5bfc\u5e08\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458. (\u4f8b\u5982,&nbsp;<code>\/usr\/local\/python<\/code>&nbsp;\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9009\u62e9)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728 Windows \u673a\u5668\u4e2d, Python \u901a\u5e38\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u00a0<code>C:\\Python32<\/code>\u00a0\u76ee\u5f55. \u5f53\u7136, \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6539\u53d8\u5b83. \u9700\u8981\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684 Path \u4e2d\u7684\u8bdd, \u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u5728 DOS \u7a97\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u884c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\">set path=%path%;C:\\python32<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26 ( UNIX \u4e0a\u662f Control-D , Windows \u4e0a\u662f Control-Z ) \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4f1a\u4ee5 0 \u503c\u9000\u51fa. \u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528, \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9000\u51fa:&nbsp;<code>quit()<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u7684\u884c\u7f16\u8f91\u529f\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u590d\u6742, \u88c5\u5728 UNIX \u4e0a\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981 GNU readline \u5e93\u652f\u6301, \u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u989d\u5916\u5f97\u5230\u7cbe\u5de7\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u7f16\u8f91\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5f55\u529f\u80fd. \u786e\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u652f\u6301\u80fd\u529b \u6700\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5728\u4e3b\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u4e0b\u8f93\u5165 Control-P, \u5982\u679c\u6709\u561f\u561f\u58f0 (\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u626c\u58f0\u5668), \u8bf4\u660e\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7f16\u8f91\u529f\u80fd (\u5728&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/tutorial\/interactive.html#tut-interacting\">\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u8f93\u5165\u7f16\u8f91\u53ca\u5386\u53f2\u66ff\u4ee3<\/a>&nbsp;\u5728\u5feb\u6377\u952e\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd). \u5982\u679c\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u58f0, \u6216\u8005\u663e\u793a&nbsp;<code>^P<\/code>, \u8bf4\u660e\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7f16\u8f91\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528; \u4f60\u5c06\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u9000\u683c\u952e\u5220\u9664\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6709\u4e9b\u50cf UNIX Shell: \u4f7f\u7528\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u6765\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\u65f6, \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4ea4\u4e92\u5730\u89e3\u8bfb\u548c\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4, \u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u53c2\u6570\u6216\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u65f6, \u5b83\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u89e3\u8bfb\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u542f\u52a8\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f&nbsp;<code>python&nbsp;-c&nbsp;command&nbsp;[arg]&nbsp;...<\/code>, \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u6267\u884c&nbsp;<em>command<\/em>&nbsp;\u4e2d\u7684\u8bed\u53e5, \u7b49\u540c\u4e8e Shell \u7684 -c \u9009\u9879. \u56e0\u4e3a Python \u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5305\u62ec\u7a7a\u683c\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u5bf9 shell \u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u542b\u4e49\u7684\u5b57\u7b26, \u6240\u4ee5\u6700\u597d\u628a\u6574\u4e2a&nbsp;<em>command<\/em>&nbsp;\u7528\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u5305\u8d77\u6765.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b Python \u6a21\u5757\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f53\u4f5c\u811a\u672c\u4f7f\u7528. \u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7&nbsp;<code>python&nbsp;-m&nbsp;module&nbsp;[arg]&nbsp;...<\/code>&nbsp;\u8c03\u7528, \u8fd9\u5982\u540c\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u7ed9\u51fa\u5176\u5b8c\u6574\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u6837.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6, \u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u4ea4\u4e92\u6a21\u5f0f. \u8fd9\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e4b\u524d\u52a0\u4e0a -i \u53c2\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0. (\u5982\u679c\u811a\u672c\u6765\u81ea\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165, \u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd9\u6837\u6267\u884c, \u4e0e\u524d\u8ff0\u63d0\u53ca\u539f\u56e0\u4e00\u6837. )<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1.1. \u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/tutorial\/interpreter.html#tut-argpassing\"><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8c03\u7528\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u65f6, \u811a\u672c\u540d\u548c\u9644\u52a0\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a sys.argv \u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5217\u8868.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9\u5b9a\u811a\u672c\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u65f6, \u5b83\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20:&nbsp;<code>sys.argv[0]<\/code>, \u6b64\u65f6\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u811a\u672c\u540d\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3a&nbsp;<code>'-'<\/code>&nbsp;(\u8868\u793a\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165) \u65f6,&nbsp;<code>sys.argv[0]<\/code>&nbsp;\u88ab\u8bbe\u4e3a&nbsp;<code>'-'<\/code>&nbsp;.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 -c \u547d\u4ee4 \u65f6,&nbsp;<code>sys.argv[0]<\/code>&nbsp;\u88ab\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e3a&nbsp;<code>'-c'<\/code>&nbsp;.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 -m&nbsp;<em>\u6a21\u5757<\/em>&nbsp;\u65f6,&nbsp;<code>sys.argv[0]<\/code>&nbsp;\u88ab\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e3a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5168\u540d.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/using\/cmdline.html#cmdoption-c\"><code>-c<\/code><\/a>&nbsp;<em>command<\/em>&nbsp;\u6216&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/using\/cmdline.html#cmdoption-m\"><code>-m<\/code><\/a>&nbsp;<em>module<\/em>&nbsp;\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u7684\u9009\u9879\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u6240\u622a\u83b7, \u800c\u662f\u7559\u5728 sys.argv \u4e2d, \u4f9b\u547d\u4ee4\u6216\u6a21\u5757\u64cd\u4f5c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1.2. \u4ea4\u4e92\u6a21\u5f0f<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/tutorial\/interpreter.html#tut-interactive\"><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece tty \u8bfb\u53d6\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6, \u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e8e\u00a0<em>\u4ea4\u4e92\u6a21\u5f0f<\/em>\u00a0(\u00a0<em>interactive mode<\/em>\u00a0). \u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7*\u4e3b\u63d0\u793a\u7b26* (primary prompt*) \u63d0\u793a\u4e0b\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4, \u4e3b\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u53f7 (<code>>>><\/code>); \u800c\u901a\u8fc7\u4ece\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u7531(\u4e09\u4e2a\u70b9\u6807\u8bc6\u00a0<code>...<\/code>\u00a0\u7ec4\u6210)\u63d0\u793a\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7eed\u884c. \u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u524d, \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u6b22\u8fce\u4fe1\u606f, \u7248\u672c\u53f7\u548c\u6388\u6743\u63d0\u793a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\">$ python3.2 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\">Python 3.2 (py3k, Sep 12 2011, 12:21:02) [GCC 3.4.6 20060404 (Red Hat 3.4.6-8)] on linux2 Type \u201chelp\u201d, \u201ccopyright\u201d, \u201ccredits\u201d or \u201clicense\u201d for more information. >>><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8f93\u5165\u591a\u884c\u7ed3\u6784\u65f6\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u5c5e\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u4e86, \u4f8b\u5982, \u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a if \u8bed\u53e5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\"><strong>>>>\u00a0<\/strong>the_world_is_flat = 1\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\"><strong>>>>\u00a0if<\/strong>\u00a0the_world_is_flat:\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\"><strong>\u2026<\/strong>\u00a0print(\u201cBe careful not to fall off!\u201d)\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\"><strong>\u2026<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\">Be careful not to fall off!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2. \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u53ca\u5176\u73af\u5883<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/tutorial\/interpreter.html#tut-interp\"><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2.1. \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/tutorial\/interpreter.html#tut-error\"><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u53d1\u751f\u65f6, \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u6808\u8ddf\u8e2a. \u4ea4\u4e92\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b, \u5b83\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u4e3b\u63d0\u793a\u7b26, \u5982\u679c\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u5165\u6267\u884c, \u5b83\u5728\u6253\u5370\u6808\u8ddf\u8e2a\u540e\u4ee5\u975e\u96f6\u72b6\u6001\u9000\u51fa. (\u5728&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/reference\/compound_stmts.html#try\"><code>try<\/code><\/a>&nbsp;\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u629b\u51fa\u5e76\u88ab&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/reference\/compound_stmts.html#except\"><code>except<\/code><\/a>&nbsp;\u4ece\u53e5\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8bb2\u7684\u9519\u8bef). \u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u5e38\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u975e\u96f6\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u9000\u51fa, \u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u5185\u90e8\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa\u9020\u6210, \u6240\u6709\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u5199\u5165\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u6d41; \u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u7684\u666e\u901a\u8f93\u51fa\u5199\u5165\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e3b\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u6216\u4ece\u5c5e\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u540e\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u65ad\u7b26 (\u901a\u5e38\u662f Control-C \u6216\u8005 DEL) \u5c31\u4f1a\u53d6\u6d88\u5f53\u524d\u8f93\u5165, \u56de\u5230\u4e3b\u63d0\u793a\u7b26.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/tutorial\/interpreter.html#id20\">[2]<\/a>&nbsp;\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u65ad\u7b26\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/library\/exceptions.html#KeyboardInterrupt\"><code>KeyboardInterrupt<\/code><\/a>&nbsp;\u5f02\u5e38, \u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/reference\/compound_stmts.html#try\"><code>try<\/code><\/a>&nbsp;\u8bed\u53e5\u622a\u83b7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2.2. \u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7684 Python \u811a\u672c<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/tutorial\/interpreter.html#tut-scripts\"><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7c7b BSD \u7684 UNIX \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d, Python \u811a\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf Shell \u811a\u672c\u90a3\u6837\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c, \u53ea\u8981\u5728\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\u6587\u672c\u6765\u58f0\u660e\u6a21\u5f0f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\"><em>#! \/usr\/bin\/env python3.2<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u8981\u5148\u786e\u8ba4 Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u7684&nbsp;<code>PATH<\/code>&nbsp;\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d).&nbsp;<code>#!<\/code>&nbsp;\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5934\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26. \u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a, \u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5 UNIX \u98ce\u683c\u7684\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26 (<code>'\\n'<\/code>) \u7ed3\u675f, \u4e0d\u80fd\u7528 Windows (<code>'\\r\\n'<\/code>) \u7684\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26. \u6ce8\u610f ,&nbsp;<code>'#'<\/code>&nbsp;\u7528\u4e8e Python \u4e00\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\u7684\u5f00\u59cb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u811a\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u00a0<strong>chmod<\/strong>\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u6307\u5b9a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\u6216\u6743\u9650:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\">$ chmod +x myscript.py<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728 Windows \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b, \u6ca1\u6709 \u201c\u53ef\u6301\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f (executable mode)\u201d \u7684\u6982\u5ff5. Python \u5b89\u88c5\u5668\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5730\u628a&nbsp;<code>.py<\/code>&nbsp;\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e&nbsp;<code>python.exe<\/code>&nbsp;\u7ed1\u5b9a, \u56e0\u6b64\u53cc\u51fb\u4e00\u4e2a Python \u6587\u4ef6, \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u4f5c\u4e3a\u811a\u672c\u6765\u8fd0\u884c. \u6269\u5c55\u540d\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f&nbsp;<code>.pyw<\/code>, \u8fd9\u65f6\u5de5\u4f5c\u53f0\u7a97\u53e3\u4f1a\u9690\u85cf\u4e0d\u88ab\u6253\u5f00.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2.3. \u6e90\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7f16\u7801<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/tutorial\/interpreter.html#id16\"><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b, Python \u6e90\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801. \u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u7f16\u7801\u4e0b,\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5927\u591a\u6570\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e, \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e38\u91cf, \u6807\u8bc6\u7b26, \u4ee5\u53ca\u6ce8\u91ca . \u5c3d\u7ba1\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u9075\u5faa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u5e94\u9075\u5b88\u7684\u7ea6\u5b9a: \u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528 ASCII \u5b57\u7b26\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26, \u8fd9\u662f\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u9075\u5b88\u7684\u7ea6\u5b9a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u7b26, \u4f60\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u8fa8\u8ba4\u51fa\u662f UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801, \u8fd8\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u652f\u6301\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u5b57\u4f53.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e6\u5916\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u884c\u7684. \u4e3a\u6b64, \u8981\u5728\u00a0<code>#!<\/code>\u00a0\u884c\u540e\u9762\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c, \u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u6e90\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7f16\u7801:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\"><em># -*- coding: encoding -*-<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u58f0\u660e, \u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u4ee5&nbsp;<em>encoding<\/em>&nbsp;\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u6765\u89e3\u8bfb\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u662f UTF-8<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728 Python \u5e93\u53c2\u8003\u7684&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/library\/codecs.html#module-codecs\"><code>codecs<\/code><\/a>&nbsp;\u4e00\u8282\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u7801.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982, \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u4e0d\u652f\u6301 UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801, \u4f46\u662f\u652f\u6301\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u79f0\u4e3a Windows-1252 \u7684\u7f16\u7801, \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6e90\u7801\u4e2d\u5199\u4e0a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\"><em># -*- coding: cp-1252 -*-<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6e90\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 Windows-1252 \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6. \u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u6ce8\u91ca\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u7684&nbsp;<em>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6216\u7b2c\u4e8c<\/em>&nbsp;\u884c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2.4. \u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u542f\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/tutorial\/interpreter.html#tut-startup\"><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528 Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u65f6, \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4. \u4e3a\u4e86\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u70b9, \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/using\/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONSTARTUP\"><code>PYTHONSTARTUP<\/code><\/a>&nbsp;\u7684\u53d8\u91cf, \u6307\u5411\u5305\u542b\u542f\u52a8\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6587\u4ef6. \u8fd9\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e Unix Shell \u7684&nbsp;<code>.profile<\/code>&nbsp;\u6587\u4ef6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u53ea\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4e2d\u624d\u88ab\u8bfb\u53d6, \u5f53 Python \u4ece\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u547d\u4ee4\u6216\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u4ee5&nbsp;<code>\/dev\/tty<\/code>&nbsp;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u6e90\u65f6 (\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b83\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5f88\u50cf\u662f\u5904\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f1a\u8bdd\u671f) \u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5982\u6b64. \u5b83\u4e0e\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5904\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4, \u6240\u4ee5\u7531\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u6216\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53d7\u9650\u5236\u7684\u4f7f\u7528. \u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6539\u53d8&nbsp;<code>sys.ps1<\/code>&nbsp;\u548c&nbsp;<code>sys.ps2<\/code>&nbsp;\u7684\u503c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u989d\u5916\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6, \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5168\u5c40\u542f\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801:\u00a0<code>if\u00a0os.path.isfile('.pythonrc.py'):\u00a0exec(open('.pythonrc.py').read())<\/code>. \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u542f\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6, \u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bed\u53e5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\"><strong>import  os<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\">\u00a0filename = os.environ.get(\u2018PYTHONSTARTUP\u2019)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\">\u00a0<strong>if<\/strong>\u00a0filename\u00a0<strong>and<\/strong>\u00a0os.path.isfile(filename): <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\">exec(open(filename).read())<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2.5. \u5b9a\u5236\u6a21\u5757<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/tutorial\/interpreter.html#tut-customize\"><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Python \u4e3a\u4f60\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e24\u4e2a\u94a9\u5b50 (hook) \u6765\u5b9a\u5236\u4ea4\u4e92\u73af\u5883:\u00a0<code>sitecustomize<\/code>\u00a0\u548c\u00a0<code>usercustomize<\/code>. \u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c, \u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5148\u627e\u5230\u4f60\u7684 user site-package \u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e. \u6253\u5f00 Python \u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\"><strong>>>>\u00a0import  site<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\"><strong>>>>\u00a0<\/strong>site.getusersitepackages()<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\"> \u2018\/home\/user\/.local\/lib\/python3.2\/site-packages\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a&nbsp;<code>usercustomize.py<\/code>&nbsp;\u7684\u6587\u4ef6, \u5e76\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u653e\u7f6e\u4efb\u4f55\u4f60\u60f3\u653e\u7684\u4e1c\u897f. \u5b83\u5c06\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21 Python \u7684\u8c03\u7528, \u9664\u975e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/using\/cmdline.html#cmdoption-s\"><code>-s<\/code><\/a>&nbsp;\u9009\u9879\u6765\u7981\u7528\u4e86\u81ea\u52a8\u5bfc\u5165\u529f\u80fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>sitecustomize<\/code>&nbsp;\u4ee5\u540c\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5de5\u4f5c, \u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u8be5\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5728\u5168\u5c40 site-packages \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa, \u5e76\u4e14\u5728&nbsp;<code>usercustomize<\/code>&nbsp;\u4e4b\u524d\u88ab\u5bfc\u5165. \u53c2\u770b&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/library\/site.html#module-site\"><code>site<\/code><\/a>&nbsp;\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u6587\u6863\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u7ec6\u8282.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Footnotes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/tutorial\/interpreter.html#id9\">[1]<\/a><\/td><td>\u5728 Unix, Python 3.x \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d&nbsp;<code>python<\/code>&nbsp;\u5b89\u88c5, \u6240\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u5b89\u88c5 Python 2.x \u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/docspy3zh.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/tutorial\/interpreter.html#id14\">[2]<\/a><\/td><td>\u4e00\u4e2aGNU Readline \u5305\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u7981\u6b62\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=190&amp;action=edit\">\u7f16\u8f91<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u7684pdf \u7248\u672c\u4e0b\u8f7d: Python_Tutorial_zh-cn_liam0205.pdf 2.1. \u8c03\u7528 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-283","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-python"],"blocksy_meta":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/283","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=283"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/283\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":291,"href":"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/283\/revisions\/291"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=283"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=283"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/ai.gitpp.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=283"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}